The International Journal of Maritime Economics and Logistics (IJMEL) is a peer-reviewed, internationally indexed journal providing a rigorous scholarly forum for research at the nexus of maritime economic analysis, shipping market dynamics, freight logistics, and ocean trade. IJMEL serves economists, maritime business analysts, logistics researchers, trade finance specialists, and transport geographers with high-quality empirical, theoretical, and applied research that advances understanding of how maritime economic systems operate, evolve, and interact with the broader global economy.